Chiang Mai Journal of Science

Extraction, Characterization and Biological Activities of Extracts from Freshwater Macroalga [Rhizoclonium hieroglyphicum (C.Agardh) Kützing] Cultivated in Northern Thailand

Paper Type	Contributed Paper
Title	Extraction, Characterization and Biological Activities of Extracts from Freshwater Macroalga [Rhizoclonium hieroglyphicum (C.Agardh) Kützing] Cultivated in Northern Thailand
Author	Lapatrada Mungmai1, Supat Jiranusornkul1, Yuwadee Peerapornpisal2, Busabun Sirithunyalug1 and Pimpor
Email	Pim_leela@hotmail.com
Abstract:  In this study, Rhizoclonium hieroglyphicum (C.Agardh) Kützing from the Nan River in northern Thailand was selected for investigation. The dried macroalga was extracted by water and 95% (v/v) ethanol to obtain an aqueous extract (RW) and ethanolic extract (RE), respectively. Each extract was examined for antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, methicillin resistant S. aureus and Propionibacterium acne ATCC 6919 by agar well diffusion method. Their in vitro antioxidant activity was determined by three different methods: 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and thiobarbituric acid reaction substances (TBARS) assays. The total phenolic content was further evaluated. The polysaccharide analysis and physicochemical characterizations of the RW extract were examined. The results revealed that both of the extracts had no effective antibacterial activity against the test of microorganism. Interestingly, RW exhibited antioxidant activity twice that of Trolox, a vitamin E analog, and showed a higher Gallic acid Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (GEAC) value than the RE extract. The Fourier Transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum assay of RW presented the absorption characteristics of sulfated polysaccharides and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) analysis showed that it consisted of rhamnose, xylose, arabinose and galactose as sugar units. The 10% of RW gel showed 52.68+2.56 g/cm2 of gel strength while the gelling and melting temperature of this extract ranged from 50-55 °C and 70-85 °C, respectively. These gelling properties resembled that of carrageenan. This finding suggested that R. hieroglyphicum could be used for nutritional, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.
Start & End Page	14 - 26
Received Date	2012-05-03
Revised Date
Accepted Date	2013-05-01
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Volume	Vol.41 No.1 (JANUARY 2014)
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