Chiang Mai Journal of Science

Print ISSN: 0125-2526 | eISSN : 2465-3845

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Morphological and Genetic diversity of Rice blast fungus in Vietnam revealing by Indel markers

Thuy Thi Xuan Nguyen, Worrawit Suktrakul, Napassorn Thamkirati, Nichagarn Greetatorn, Kanyarat Rakpong, Kazunori Sasaki, Quoc Bao Nguyen, Chau Nguyen Ngoc Bao and Chatchawan Jantasuriyarat
* Author for corresponding; e-mail address: fscicwj@ku.ac.th
Volume: Vol.52 No.6 (November 2025)
Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12982/CMJS.2025.090
Received: 15 June 2025, Revised: 11 September 2025, Accepted: 29 September 2025, Published: 28 October 2025

Citation: Nguyen T.T.X., Suktrakul W., Thamkirati N., Greetatorn N., Rakpong K., Sasaki K., et al., Morphological and genetic diversity of rice blast fungus in vietnam revealing by Indel markers. Chiang Mai Journal of Science, 2025; 52(6): e2025090. DOI 10.12982/CMJS.2025.090.

Graphical Abstract

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

     Rice blast disease, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is a major threat to rice production worldwide and a critical concern in Vietnam, where rice is both a staple food and an economic crop. Effective management of this disease is essential for national food security and farmer livelihoods. This study investigated the morphological and genetic diversity of M. oryzae isolates collected from major rice-growing regions in Vietnam. Morphological analysis on V8 agar revealed variation in colony pigmentation, texture, growth rate, and melanin production, while conidia consistently displayed pyriform, 3-celled morphology. Genetic diversity, assessed using fifteen insertion–deletion (InDel) markers, showed moderate polymorphism with high discriminatory power. Phylogenetic and Principal Coordinates Analyses revealed population structures linked to geographic origin, host cultivar, and collection year. Southern isolates, mainly from the IR504 cultivar, formed a genetically uniform cluster indicative of recent clonal expansion, whereas northern isolates exhibited higher genetic heterogeneity. Vietnamese isolates were also genetically distinct from global reference strains, suggesting localized evolutionary dynamics. These findings advance our understanding of M. oryzae population genetics in Vietnam and provide valuable insights for developing region-specific management strategies and breeding programs to combat rice blast disease.

Keywords: rice blast, Magnaporthe oryzae, rice, population structure, phylogenetic analysis

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