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Preparation of Eco-friendly and Low-cost Activated Carbon from Gracilaria corticata Seaweeds for the Removal of Crystal Violet Dye from Aqueous Solution: Equilibrium and Modeling Studies


Paper Type 
Contributed Paper
Title 
Preparation of Eco-friendly and Low-cost Activated Carbon from Gracilaria corticata Seaweeds for the Removal of Crystal Violet Dye from Aqueous Solution: Equilibrium and Modeling Studies
Author 
Duraipandian Jayganesh, Rengasamy Tamilarasan*, Muthiyan Kumar, Mani Murugavelu and Vadivelu Sivakumar
Email 
rrtamilk@yahoo.co.in
Abstract:
In this paper, a compatible, eco-friendly and low-cost activated carbon prepared from the Gracilaria  corticata seaweed materials  was used for the effective removal of crystal violet dye in an aqueous solution. FTIR spectroscopy was used to detect the presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl and other groups. Morphological studies were carried out using SEM and EDX analysis  while the physical nature of the material was analysed with XRD pattern studies. The batch mode dye adsorption properties of activated carbon as a function of dosage, solution pH, initial dye concentration, temperature, and contact time  were investigated. Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms were used to calculate the uptake capacity of dye removal at equilibrium condition and also for evaluating the dimensionless separation factor (RL). The adsorption data evaluated using Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm equations confirm that Langmuir was the most fitted model as compared to Freundlich. The adsorption dynamics was predicted with Lagergren’s pseudo-first order  and  pseudo-second order equations and intra particle diffusion model. The adsorption dynamic results show that the adsorption process follows pseudo-second order kinetics and the adsorption process depends on both time and concentration. Thermodynamic parameters, like standard Gibbs energy (dG0), enthalpy (dH0), and entropy (dS0), were determined for assessing the feasibility of the adsorption process. Enthalpy dH0 shows a positive value, indicating that the adsorption process is endothermic in nature, while the negative value of the Gibbs free energy change dG0reveals that at different temperatures the adsorption process was spontaneous in nature and the positive value of dS0 confirms the increasing randomness between the solid-solution boundaries throughout adsorption. The experimental and correlation results revealed that the activated carbon prepared from Gracilaria  corticata  seaweeds, proved to be an excellent and low-cost adsorbent material for the dye removal.
Start & End Page 
1039 - 1051
Received Date 
2016-03-22
Revised Date 
Accepted Date 
2016-11-12
Full Text 
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Keyword 
Adsorption, gracilaria corticata, activated carbon, modelling, crystal violet
Volume 
Vol.45 No.2 (March 2018)
DOI 
Citation 
Jayganesh D., Tamilarasan* R., Kumar M., Murugavelu M. and Sivakumar V., Preparation of Eco-friendly and Low-cost Activated Carbon from Gracilaria corticata Seaweeds for the Removal of Crystal Violet Dye from Aqueous Solution: Equilibrium and Modeling Studies , Chiang Mai Journal of Science, 2018; 45(2): 1039-1051.
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