Adsorption Performance of Spherical Porous SiO2 on Heavy Metal Cu2+ in Wastewater
Yan-Min Chen, Zhen-Zhen Chen, Bei-Bei Qi, Ye-Xuan Cai, Jia-Meng Li and Yi-Fan Han* Author for corresponding; e-mail address: yanminchen2011@163.com
Volume: Vol.52 No.5 (September 2025)
Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12982/CMJS.2025.075
Received: 5 June 2025, Revised: 10 August 2025, Accepted: 12 August 2025, Published: 12 September 2025
Citation: Chen Y.-M., Chen Z.-Z., Qi B.-B., Cai Y.-X., Li J.-M. and Han Y.-F., Adsorption performance of spherical porous SiO2 on heavy metal Cu2+ in wastewater. Chiang Mai Journal of Science, 2025; 52(5): e2025075. DOI 10.12982/CMJS.2025.075.
Graphical Abstract
Abstract
Spherical porous SiO2 was synthesized via TEOS hydrolysis combined with NaOH etching, and its application in removing heavy metal Cu2+ from wastewater was investigated. The morphology, specific surface area, pore structure, and phase of pre- and post-etching SiO2 were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2 adsorption analyzer, and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Additionally, detailed studies were conducted on the adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics, as well as the effects of adsorbent dosage, ionic strength, and pH on Cu2+ removal. The results showed that the post-etching SiO2 (denoted as ESP-SiO2) presented a porous nanospherical morphology, with significantly larger specific surface area and pore volume compared to the pre-etching sample. Furthermore, the SiO2 underwent a transformation from an amorphous to a crystalline phase. The adsorption kinetics of Cu2+ onto ESP-SiO2 was well fitted by the pseudo-second-order model, and the adsorption isotherm conformed to the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 172.41 mg/g. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the adsorption process was spontaneous, exothermic, and accompanied by an increase in entropy. For a 50 mg/L Cu2+ solution, a removal efficiency of 86.5% was achieved when the dosage of ESP-SiO2 was 0.05 g. Moreover, the material exhibited strong resistance to interference from ionic strength (up to 0.1 mol/L), and the optimal pH for adsorption was 5.5. Given its advantages of low cost, simple preparation, and high removal efficiency, ESP-SiO2 holds great application potential in the treatment of heavy metal-containing wastewater.
Related Articles
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2025.073.
Thanudkij Chareerat, Nilobon Nuanlert, Jirawadee Laorchan, Naltawat Onputta,Antika Pranudta, Sumrerng Rukzon and Prinya Chindaprasirt
Vol.52 No.5 (September 2025)Research Article View: 444 Download: 142
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2025.071.
Ta Diem Quynh, Ho Nguyen Van Khanh, Ho Gia Quynh, Nguyen Manh Khang , Vo Tran Minh Khoa, Ngo Tran Hoang Duong and Nguyen Quang Long
Vol.52 No.5 (September 2025)Research Article View: 485 Download: 147
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2025.061.
Sriwan Kaewsit, Khanisorn Sompong, Phakkhananan Pakawanit, Wareerath Akkalatham and Ploypailin Yongsiri
Vol.52 No.5 (September 2025)Research Article View: 577 Download: 220
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2025.034.
Mustafa Jaip Allah Abdelmageed Abualreish
Vol.52 No.3 (May 2025)Research Article View: 448 Download: 247
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2025.033.
Anurag Sunpapao, Supaporn Pithakkit and Prisana Wonglom
Vol.52 No.3 (May 2025)Research Article View: 740 Download: 332
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2025.005.
Susy Yunita Prabawati, Nina Hamidah and Afifah Mufidati
Vol.52 No.1 (January 2025)Research Article View: 755 Download: 366
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2024.027.
Jiraporn Paoaiang, Prukraya Pongyeela, Nirana Chairerk and Juntima Chungsiriporn
Vol.51 No.2 (March 2024)Research Article View: 1,437 Download: 1,722
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2024.010.
Parnuch Hongsawat, Phuri Kalnaowakul and Panida Prarat
Vol.51 No.1 (January 2024)Research Article View: 1,587 Download: 618
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2023.062.
Jenjinta Punyasurb, Suthee Wattanasiriwech and Darunee Wattanasiriwech
Vol.50 No.6 (November 2023)Research Article View: 818 Download: 826
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2023.064.
Tanaporn Tangtawewipat and Saipin Thanachasai
Vol.50 No.6 (November 2023)Research Article View: 1,258 Download: 583
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2023.010.
Lijuan Zhang, Jian Ma, Xiaoyan Ma, Xin Feng, Xuesong Bai, Yongtao Huang, Ruvishika S. Jayawardena, Ausana Mapook, Jichuan Kang and Yongzhong Lu
Vol.50 No.2 (March 2023)Research Article View: 1,461 Download: 1,348
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2023.009.
Kanokwan Darasoon, Supawitch Hoijang, Tanapong Kunakham, Sorapong Janhom, Supon Ananta, Gyu Leem and Laongnuan Srisombat
Vol.50 No.1 (January 2023)Research Article View: 1,588 Download: 1,187
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2022.108.
Mauizatul Hasanah, Alfan Wijaya, Risfidian Mohadi, Fitri Suryani Arsyad and Aldes Lesbani
Vol.49 No.6 (November 2022)Research Article View: 1,639 Download: 446
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2022.107.
Chattarika Sukpattanacharoen, Wasin Somboot, Jaroon Jakmunee and Tinakorn Kanyanee
Vol.49 No.6 (November 2022)Research Article View: 1,382 Download: 580
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2022.104.
Yingxin Zhao, Hao Hu, Shengyu Zhang, Shiya Feng, Yun Yang, Xiongjian Li and Shuijin Yang
Vol.49 No.6 (November 2022)Research Article View: 1,568 Download: 476
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2022.100.
Theeradit Phothitontimongkol and Kanyarak Prasertboonyai
Vol.49 No.6 (November 2022)Research Article View: 1,514 Download: 529
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2022.093.
Anan O-Manee, Youichi Enokida and Kayo Sawada
Vol.49 No.5 (September 2022)Research Article View: 1,583 Download: 637
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2022.084.
Pornpan Namkhang and Paisan Kongkachuichay
Vol.49 No.5 (September 2022)Research Article View: 1,238 Download: 600
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2022.062.
Naphatsarnan Phasukarratchai, Budsarin Yattipat, Parichat Muengkrajang, Sasishai Permpoon and Alissara Reungsang
Vol.49 No.4 (July 2022)Research Article View: 1,850 Download: 1,291
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2022.015.
Pimpun Henpraserttae, Sitthisuntorn Supothina and Patthamaporn Timakul
Vol.49 No.1 (Special Issue I : Jan 2022)Research Article View: 1,625 Download: 478
page: 1606 - 1619
Paphawarin Kheownil, Parameat Seesopha, Sawitree Chuaychoocherd, Panichakorn Jaiyong and Yuthana Tantirungrotechai
Vol.48 No.6 (November 2021)Research Article View: 1,590 Download: 942
page: 1645 - 1656
Xuefeng Wang, Hongyan Zhang,Cunbao Deng, Ling Qiao and Shuangli Du
Vol.48 No.6 (November 2021)Research Article View: 1,546 Download: 487
page: 1538 - 1554
Suhua Han, Qiannan Cao, Dongxu Qian, Ye Yang and Minbo Lu
Vol.48 No.6 (November 2021)Research Article View: 1,539 Download: 327
page: 545 - 556
Luna Silaen, Neza Rahayu Palapa, Elfita, Risfidian Mohadi and Aldes Lesbani
Vol.48 No.2 (March 2021)Research Article View: 1,477 Download: 386
page: 611 - 630
Anwar Iqbal*, Kok-Hou Tan, Farook Adam, Noor Hana Hanif Abu Bakar, Mohammad Norazmi Ahmad and Muhammad Rahimi Yusop*
Vol.48 No.2 (March 2021)Research Article View: 1,532 Download: 691
page: 520 - 532
Huan Wang*, Wei Zhao, Youning Chen, Xiaoling Yang and Xiaohua Meng
Vol.48 No.2 (March 2021)Research Article View: 1,320 Download: 350
page: 207 - 220
Zhongbiao Zhai, Yingchun Miao*, Shanshan Yang, Yachong Yang, Jing Chen, Gang Xie and Shixiong Wang
Vol.48 No.1 (January 2021)Research Article View: 1,014 Download: 364
page: 1055 - 1067
Wei Zhao, Youning Chen and Yuhong Li
Vol.47 No.5 (September 2020)Research Article View: 1,418 Download: 419
page: 823 - 828
Atchara Sriboonruang, Tewasin Kumpika, Ekkapong Kantarak, Wattikon Sroila, Pisith Singjai, Narin Lawan, Sairoong Muangpil and Wiradej Thongsuwan
Vol.47 No.4 (Special Issue II : July 2020)Research Article View: 1,167 Download: 1,426
page: 765 - 775
Piyarat Sungkhaphan, Boonlom Thavornyutikarn, Pakkanun Kaewkong, Weerachai Singhatanadgit, Soraya Pornsuwan and Wanida Janvikul*
Vol.47 No.4 (Special Issue II : July 2020)Research Article View: 1,100 Download: 894
page: 554 - 566
Anitha Devasahayam, Ramadevi Abbai Ramanujam and Seetharaman Ramasamy
Vol.47 No.3 (May 2020)Research Article View: 1,646 Download: 632
page: 473 - 483
Parichat Iam-khong, Pailin Muchan, Nimit Sriprang and Manit Nithitanakul
Vol.47 No.3 (May 2020)Research Article View: 1,299 Download: 711
page: 278 - 287
Wichet Lamai and Akkarat Wongkaew*
Vol.47 No.2 (Special Issue I : March 2020)Research Article View: 1,787 Download: 930
page: 137 - 146
Supawitch Hoijang, Jeeranan Nonkumwong, Burapol Singhana, Sunanta Wangkarn, Supon Ananta and Laongnuan Srisombat
Vol.47 No.1 (January 2020)Research Article View: 1,545 Download: 484
page: 127 - 136
Anitha Devasahayam, Ramadevi Abbai Ramanujam and Seetharaman Ramasamy
Vol.47 No.1 (January 2020)Research Article View: 1,505 Download: 1,591
page: 217 - 228
Parinya Somrang, Rung-Arun Sanngam and Anucha Wannagon
Vol.47 No.1 (January 2020)Research Article View: 968 Download: 502
page: 2790 - 2796
Naini Guo
Vol.45 NO.7 (November 2018)Research Article View: 923 Download: 549
page: 2220 - 2231
Asadullah, Lupong Kaewsichan and Kanogwan Tohdee
Vol.45 No.5 (Special 2018)Research Article View: 1,476 Download: 603
page: 2105 - 2122
Faungchat Thammarakcharoen and Jintamai Suwanprateeb
Vol.45 No.5 (Special 2018)Research Article View: 918 Download: 1,029
page: 1486 - 1498
Wenpeng Gong, Xiaogang Du, Xiaoxia Liu, Xiaofen Ke and Shuijin Yang*
Vol.45 No.3 (May 2018)Research Article View: 1,531 Download: 367
page: 1471 - 1485
Muhammad Hamayun*, Sonia Sherazi, Shah Zareen, Abdul Naeem, Muhammad Saeed, Khizar Hussain Shah, Ataf Ali Altaf, Shahzad Murtaza and Muhammad Zubair
Vol.45 No.3 (May 2018)Research Article View: 1,475 Download: 412
page: 1039 - 1051
Duraipandian Jayganesh, Rengasamy Tamilarasan*, Muthiyan Kumar, Mani Murugavelu and Vadivelu Sivakumar
Vol.45 No.2 (March 2018)Research Article View: 1,475 Download: 334
page: 528 - 539
Nucharee Chomchoey, Darunee Bhongsuwan and Tripob Bhongsuwan
Vol.45 No.1 (January 2018)Research Article View: 1,343 Download: 373
page: 355 - 368
Mohammad Malakootian, Amir Hossein Mahvi, Hossein Jafari Mansoorian and Narges Khanjani
Vol.45 No.1 (January 2018)Research Article View: 1,460 Download: 411
page: 331 - 341
Qian Chen, Tian-Tian Zhang and Jian-Guo Jiang
Vol.45 No.1 (January 2018)Research Article View: 971 Download: 280
page: 1704 - 1713
Thidarat Pandhumas, Chonnakarn Panawong, Sirinuch Loiha and Surangkhana Martwiset*
Vol.44 No.4 (October 2017)Research Article View: 830 Download: 232
page: 1601 - 1610
Yao Zhao*, Chen Zhao, Kelly Hill and Xun Qian Xu
Vol.44 No.4 (October 2017)Research Article View: 1,435 Download: 306
page: 1056 - 1064
Hari Sutrisno*, Ariswan and Dyah Purwaningsih
Vol.44 No.3 (July 2017)Research Article View: 908 Download: 232
page: 1028 - 1039
Adekola F.A.*, Orimolade B.O.** and Adebayo G.B.
Vol.44 No.3 (July 2017)Research Article View: 1,488 Download: 402
page: 508 - 517
Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini* [a,b] and Noor Yuhana Jusoh [b]
Vol.44 No.2 (April 2017)Research Article View: 1,413 Download: 261
page: 591 - 599
Suwichak Phutthapatimok [a,b], Pattaraporn Sridechparsat [a,b], Pramoch Rangsunvigit* [a,b] and Santi Kulprathipanja [c]
Vol.43 No.3 (APRIL 2016)Research Article View: 1,434 Download: 334
page: 183 - 194
Arumugam Basker[a]*, Syed shabudeen[b], Appavoo Ponnuraju Shekhar[c] and Savarimuthu Daniel[b]
Vol.43 No.1 (JANUARY 2016)Research Article View: 1,431 Download: 280
page: 730 - 744
Muhammad Saeed, Shahid Adeel, Muhammad Azhar Shahzad, Atta Ul-Haq, Majid Muneer, Muhammad Younas
Vol.42 No.3 (JULY 2015)Research Article View: 1,414 Download: 293
page: 34 - 43
Suneerat Ruangsomboon*
Vol.42 No.1 (JANUARY 2015)Research Article View: 1,351 Download: 300
page: 1230 - 1240
Morteza Bahram, Robabeh Talebi, Abdolhossein Naseri* , Sirous Nouri
Vol.41 No.5/2 (OCTOBER 2014)Research Article View: 1,369 Download: 519
page: 1301 - 1316
Ramaimas Chankoa , Narumol Kreua-ongarjnukool, Pitt Supaphol and Prasit Pavasant
Vol.41 No.5/2 (OCTOBER 2014)Research Article View: 857 Download: 272
page: 1262 - 1273
Jeatana Wongwichien [a], Suwimol Asavapisit [a] and Kwannate Sombatsompop* [b]
Vol.41 No.5/2 (OCTOBER 2014)Research Article View: 1,345 Download: 275
page: 783 - 788
Surat Futemvong [a,b], Niyom Hongsith [b,d], Duangmanee Wongratanaphisan [b,c], Atcharawon Gardchare
Vol.40 No.4 (OCTOBER 2013)Research Article View: 1,477 Download: 326
page: 56 - 62
Achanai Buasri, Phetcharat Yongbut, Nattawut Chaiyut and Kittiya Phattarasirichot
Vol.35 No.1 (JANUARY 2008)Research Article View: 1,392 Download: 337
page: 495 - 500
Charussri Lorprayoon* and Shigeki Morimoto
Vol.32 No.3 (SEPTEMBER 2005)Research Article View: 877 Download: 222
page: 487 - 494
Uracha R Rungsardthong* ungsardthong* [a,b], Susan I. Anderson [a] and L Leigh eigh T T. . Canham [c
Vol.32 No.3 (SEPTEMBER 2005)Research Article View: 885 Download: 239
page: 447 - 456
Achanai Buasri, Nattawut Chaiyut, Kittiya Phattarasirichot, Phetcharat Yongbut and Lalita Nammueng
Vol.35 No.3 (SEPTEMBER 2008)Research Article View: 1,386 Download: 985
page: 239 - 244
David Cann and Seymen Aygün
Vol.32 No.3 (SEPTEMBER 2005)Research Article View: 1,339 Download: 271
page: 363 - 367
Paisan Kongkachuichay, Aroonsiri Shitangkoon, and Sakowrath Hirunkitmonkon
Vol.37 No.2 (MAY 2010)Short Communication View: 1,416 Download: 359
page: 141 - 154
Apinon Nuntiya*[a], Frank L. Riley [b] and Brian Rand [b]
Vol.29 No.3 (DECEMBER 2002)Research Article View: 1,443 Download: 263
page: 397 - 409
Li Fang, Xiang-Dong Geng, Diansheng Liu, Jian Gao, Li-Juan He, Ya-Juan Hao and Surin Saipanya
Vol.37 No.3 (SEPTEMBER 2010)Research Article View: 1,035 Download: 436