Chiang Mai Journal of Science

Print ISSN: 0125-2526 | eISSN : 2465-3845

1,647
Articles
Q3 0.80
Impact Factor
Q3 1.3
CiteScore
7 days
Avg. First Decision
Outline
Figures and Tables
ARTICLE METRICS
Views 2,071
Downloads 596

Effect of Silicon on the Fruit Quality and Disease Response to Gummy Stem Blight in Cucumber

Phukjira Chan-in, Benjamaporn Wangkaew, Nattawat Anankul, Yuenyad Teerawatsakul, Vinodhini Thiyagaraja, Nisachon Tamakaew, Patchareeya Withee, Sukanya Haituk, Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon and Tonapha Pusadee
* Author for corresponding; e-mail address: tonapha.p@cmu.ac.th
Volume: Vol.50 No.6 (November 2023)
Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12982/CMJS.2023.073
Received: 4 August 2023, Revised: 3 October 2023, Accepted: 29 October 2023, Published: -

Citation: Chan-in P., Wangkaew B., Anankul N., Teerawatsakul Y., Thiyagaraja V., Tamakaew N., et al., Effect of silicon on the fruit quality and disease response to gummy stem blight in cucumber. Chiang Mai Journal of Science, 2023; 50(6): e2023073. DOI 10.12982/CMJS.2023.073.

Abstract

       Gummy stem blight (GSB) caused by Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum is the most destructive fungal disease affecting cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) production. In Thailand, cucumber is one of the most popularly marketed vegetables and the cultivation of cucumbers or Cucurbitaceae often face impact epidemics and insect infestation. Furthermore, global climatic or climate change affects crop production too, which increases the frequency and severity of disease and pest outbreaks. Silicon (Si) enhances plant resistance against insect pests and fungal, bacterial, and viral diseases although Si is not the only beneficial element for plants but also it does play an important role in improving plant health and increasing resistance against pests and diseases. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of Si-application at two levels i.e., 50 ppm, and 100 ppm on yield, yield components, aroma, Si-concentration and disease response of cucumber under greenhouse condition in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Results, when compared with control, depicted that the highest fruit weight, marketable yield, fruit length, fruit width, and pith length were found under 50 ppm Si. Moreover, higher Si-levels resulted in increased aroma in rind (exocarp) and increased percentage of Si-concentrations in rind (exocarp), leaves, and shoot. Further in this research, the response of Gummy stem blight disease (GSB) in cucumber was also investigated the response of. The taxonomic identification of Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum was confirmed based on the evidence from morpho-molecular analyses and the pathogenicity test was performed to confirm its potential pathogenicity. The results showed that the varying treatments of Si affects the disease development. The 50 ppm Si caused the lowest disease response on cucumber fruits. This study can be used as a guideline for modifying Si-fertilizer application inputs to plants to increase disease resistance and fruit quality.

Keywords: cucumber, global climatic, pathogenicity test, phylogeny, silicon, Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum, taxonomy

Related Articles

Updated Taxonomic Insights into Auricularia (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota) in Thailand, with a New Record of Auricularia sinodelicata
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2026.018.

Jaturong Kumla and Nakarin Suwannarach*

Vol.53 No.1 (January 2026)
Research Article View: 351 Download: 24
Phylogenetic and Morphological Characterization of Spegazzinia Species from Oryza sativa L. in Thailand
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2026.014.

Xing-Guo Tian, Jia-Jun Han, Samantha C. Karunarathna, Saowaluck Tibpromma, Yongzhong Lu, Ruvishika S. Jayawardena and Dan-Feng Bao*

Vol.53 No.1 (January 2026)
Research Article View: 326 Download: 15
Roussoella yangjiangensis sp. nov. (Roussoellaceae, Pleosporales), A Holomorphic Fungus in Guangdong Province, China
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2026.003.

Hai-Jun Zhao, Kevin David Hyde, Mingkwan Doilom, Ausana Mapook, Natsaran Saichana and Wei Dong*

Vol.53 No.1 (January 2026)
Research Article View: 619 Download: 51
Sexual and Asexual Morphs of Thyronectria kunmingensis sp. nov. (Nectriaceae) From Yunnan, China
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2025.065.

Zaw L. Tun, Vinodhini Thiyagaraja, Chitrabhanu S. Bhunjun, Sajeewa N. Maharachchikumbura, Fatimah Al-Otibi and Kevin D. Hyde

Vol.52 No.5 (September 2025)
Research Article View: 805 Download: 165
In Silico Identification of Cytochrome P450 Families in Putative Ascomycota Fungi that Degrade Xenobiotics
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2025.070.

José R. Fuentes-Castillo, Flor N. Rivera-Orduña, Juan C. Cancino-Díaz, Juan A. Cruz-Maya and Janet Jan-Roblero

Vol.52 No.5 (September 2025)
Research Article View: 656 Download: 216
Complete Mitochondrial Genome of a Karst-dwelling Gecko, Gekko liboensis (Zhou and Li, 1982)
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2025.048.

Jing Cao, Phuping Sucharitakul, Fang Yan, Chatmongkon Suwannapoom and Siriwadee Chomdej

Vol.52 No.4 (July 2025)
Research Article View: 699 Download: 200
Phylogenetic and Morphological Characterization of Beltraniaceae Species from Litchi and Longan Litter in Southern China
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2025.045.

Yun-hui Yang, Chun-fang Liao, Ishara Sandeepani Manawasinghe, Kevin David Hyde, Zhang-yong Dong, Biao Xu, Fatmah Alotibi, Pattana Kakumyan and Chitrabhanu Sharma Bhunjun

Vol.52 No.4 (July 2025)
Research Article View: 1,945 Download: 198
Removal of Carbofuran Residues from Cucumber Surfaces using Calcium Chloride Tablets Derived from Chicken Eggshell
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2025.039.

Maneerat Khemkhao, Chantaraporn Phalakornkule and Vichai Domrongpokkaphan

Vol.52 No.4 (July 2025)
Research Article View: 601 Download: 161
An Online Database on Fungicolous Fungi: https://www.fungicolousfungi.org
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2025.026.

Achala J. Gajanayake, Ruvishika S. Jayawardena, Feng-Ming Yu, Jing-Zu Sun, Thatsanee Luangharn, Naritsada Thongklang and Kevin D. Hyde

Vol.52 No.3 (May 2025)
Research Article View: 1,026 Download: 616
Addition to Paraleptosphaeria species (Leptosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales): Paraleptosphaeria senecionis sp. nov., associated with Asteraceae
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2025.014.

Ausana Mapook, Erio Camporesi and Kevin David Hyde

Vol.52 No.2 (March 2025)
Research Article View: 882 Download: 222
Maize Downy Mildew (Peronosclerospora neglecta) in Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Thailand
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2024.062.

Manorat Sudsanguan, Roger G. Shivas, Yu Pei Tan, Chanintorn Doungsa-ard, Khonesavane Chittarath, Chhun Hy Heng and Sarunya Nalumpang

Vol.51 No.4 (July 2024)
Research Article View: 2,626 Download: 1,008
Termitomyces flavus sp. nov. (Lyophyllaceae, Agaricales), a New Species from Northern Thailand
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2024.060.

Song-Ming Tang, E-Xian Li, Hong-Mei Luo, Cheng-Ce Ao, Tong Lv and Shu-Hong Li

Vol.51 No.4 (July 2024)
Research Article View: 1,508 Download: 886
Two Novel Records of Agaricus (Agaricaceae, Agaricales) from Southwest China
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2023.061.

Wen-Hua Lu, Saowaluck Tibpromma, Jaturong Kumla, Dong-Qin Dai, Samantha C. Karunarathna and Xiao-Yan Wang

Vol.50 No.6 (November 2023)
Research Article View: 1,866 Download: 492
A New Host Record of Bipolaris panici-miliacei from the Roots of a Pioneer Plant (Saccharum rufipilum) in an Abandoned Phosphate Mining Site in Southwest China
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2023.044.

Er-fu Yang, Zhen-xiong Zhao, Samantha C. Karunarathna, Anuruddha Karunarathna, Saowaluck Tibpromma, Ze-lin Sun, Cheng-jiao Dao, Jiu-mei Ma, Ling-pan Du and Kai Yan

Vol.50 No.5 (September 2023)
Research Article View: 1,781 Download: 798
Fig Rust Caused by Cerotelium fici: Past, Present and Future
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2023.042.

Shubhi Avasthi, Ajay K. Gautam, Rajnish K. Verma, K.C. Rajeshkumar and Ashwani Kumar

Vol.50 No.4 (July 2023)
Review Article View: 1,748 Download: 805
Identification of the Postharvest Pink Mold Rot Fungus (Trichothecium roseum) on Grapes in China
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2023.040.

Dulanjalee Lakmali Harishchandra, Wei Zhang, Thilini Chethana Kandawatte Wedaralalage, Xinghong Li, Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon

Vol.50 No.4 (July 2023)
Research Article View: 1,810 Download: 750
Introducing Nigrograna wuhanensis sp. nov. (Nigrogranaceae, Pleosporales) from Camellia japonica in China
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2023.025.

Yong-xin Shu, Ruo-lin Cheng, Jia-lin Huang, Kai-lin Li, Si-zheng Zhao, Hai-jun Zhao, Wei Dong, Zhang-yong Dong, Mingkwan Doilom and Biao Xu

Vol.50 No.3 (May 2023)
Research Article View: 1,618 Download: 829
An Update on Species Diversity, Distribution and Sequence Data of Tulostoma in Asia with the Addition of Tulostoma exasperatum, A New Record for Thailand
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2023.018.

Soumitra Paloi, Nakarin Suwannarach, Jaturong Kumla, Wiphawanee Phonrob, Samantha C. Karunarathna and Saisamorn Lumyong

Vol.50 No.2 (March 2023)
Research Article View: 2,921 Download: 665
Two New Records of Agaricales (Psilocybe papuana and Cystoagaricus populinus) from China
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2023.005.

Yi Jiang, Di Zhang, Muhammad Idrees, Xiaobin Li, Jinmei Zhou and Jize Xu

Vol.50 No.1 (January 2023)
Research Article View: 1,950 Download: 1,293
Lactarius pseudoaurantiozonatus (Russulales), A New Species of Lactarius subgenus Lactarius from China
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2022.080.

Song-Ming Tang, Komsit Wisitrassameewong, Feng-Ming Yu, Lei Ye, Lin Gao and Luo Xia

Vol.49 No.5 (September 2022)
Research Article View: 1,868 Download: 1,094
A New Species (Fuscosporella xingyiensis sp. nov.) and a New Record (Sporoschisma chiangraiense) of Wood- Decay Fungi from Guizhou, China
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2022.056.

Xia Xu, Nalin N. Wijayawardene , Chunsheng Long, Xiaobing Li , Min Cheng, Di Wang, Meizhu Wang, Feng Wang, Yanxia Liu, Qirui Li and Yingqian Kang

Vol.49 No.3 (Special Issue II : May 2022)
Research Article View: 2,286 Download: 544
Lepiota lilacea (Agaricales, Basidiomycota), a New Record from Pakistan
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2022.054.

Arooj Naseer, Sana Jabeen, Samia Khanum, Bushra Waseem and Abdul Nasir Khalid

Vol.49 No.3 (Special Issue II : May 2022)
Research Article View: 1,937 Download: 811
A New Tropical Species Of Lycoperdon Subgenus Morganella (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) From Yunnan Province, China
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2022.051.

Lei Ye, Samantha C. Karunarathna, Huili Li, Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe, Jaturong Kumla, Jianchu Xu, Mahesh C. A. Galappaththi and Peter E. Mortimer

Vol.49 No.3 (Special Issue II : May 2022)
Research Article View: 6,449 Download: 597
First Report of Occultibambusa jonesii on Para Grass (Brachiaria mutica) in Yunnan, China
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2022.048.

Sheng Xu, Rungtiwa Phookamsak, Hong-Bo Jiang, Saowaluck Tibpromma, Jian-Bo Yang, Jian-Chu Xu and Saisamorn Lumyong

Vol.49 No.3 (Special Issue II : May 2022)
Research Article View: 1,861 Download: 433
Two New Species of Allodiatrype from Monsoon Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest in Pu’er, Yunnan, China
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2022.047.

Xin-Hao Li, Hai-Xia Wu, Jin-Chen Li, Jia-Yu Song, Qiang Wang, Itthayakorn Promputtha and Nalin N. Wijayawardene

Vol.49 No.3 (Special Issue II : May 2022)
Research Article View: 6,471 Download: 518
Novel and Surprising Host Associations of Diaporthe (Diaporthaceae, Diaporthales) Species from Italy
DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2022.028.

Pranami D. Abeywickrama, Erio Camporesi, Ruvishika S. Jayawardena, Kevin D. Hyde, Jiye Yan, Wei Zhang and Xinghong Li

Vol.49 No.2 (March 2022)
Research Article View: 2,226 Download: 1,005
Ficus microcarpa (Moraceae) and Kandelia candel (Rhizophoraceae), Two New Host Records for Alternaria gaisen from Taiwan
page: 1478 - 1499

Chada Norphanphoun, Sinang Hongsanan, Jayarama Darbhe Bhat, Chang-Hsin Kuo and Kevin David Hyde

Vol.48 No.6 (November 2021)
Research Article View: 1,979 Download: 617
First Report of Botryosphaeriaceae Species on Camellia sinensis from Taiwan with a Global Checklist of Botryosphaeriaceae Species on this Host
page: 1199 - 1223

Achala R. Rathnayaka, Thilini Chethana Kandawatte Wedaralalage, Alan J.L. Phillips, Jian-Kui Liu and Kevin D. Hyde

Vol.48 No.5 (September 2021)
Research Article View: 12,788 Download: 666
www.basidio.org: An Online Platform for the Classification, Identification and Nomenclature of Taxa within Basidiomycota
page: 1186 - 1198

Bhavesh Raghoonundon, Rui-Lin Zhao, Mao-Qiang He, Teun Boekhout, Bart Buyck, Bao-Kai Cui, Naveed Davoodian, József Geml, Makoto Kakishima, Tai-Hui Li, Eric H.C. McKenzie, Olivier Raspé, Else C. Vellinga, Annemieke Verbeken, Alfredo Vizzini and Kevin D. Hyde

Vol.48 No.5 (September 2021)
Research Article View: 27,542 Download: 1,943
Two Pleurotus Species (Pleurotaceae) From Lao People’s Democratic Republic
page: 1224 - 1235

Monthien Phonemany, Olivier Raspé, Phongeun Sysouphanthong, Allen Grace T. Niego, Naritsada Thongklang, Boontiya Chuankid and Kevin D. Hyde

Vol.48 No.5 (September 2021)
Research Article View: 2,354 Download: 532
Pluteus cervinus and Laccaria moshuijun (Agaricales, Basidiomycota), New Records from Pakistan
page: 909 - 921

Muhammad Ishaq, Samantha C. Karunarathna, Saowaluck Tibpromma, Lucas Dauner, Suhail Asad, Muhammad Binyamin Khan, Shariat Ullah, Muhammad Fiaz, Abdul Nasir Khalid

Vol.48 No.3 (Special Issue I : May 2021)
Research Article View: 1,781 Download: 146
A Review on Bioactive Compounds, Beneficial Properties and Biotechnological Approaches of Trametes (Polyporaceae, Polyporales) and a New Record from Laos
page: 674 - 698

Kalani Kanchana Hapuarachchi, Samantha Chandranath Karunarathna, Xiu-Hong Xu, Arun Kumar Dutta, Pheng Phengsintham, Kevin David Hyde and Ting-Chi Wen

Vol.48 No.3 (Special Issue I : May 2021)
Review Article View: 1,881 Download: 1,711
A Challenge for Mushroom Growers: Daldinia eschscholtzii Associated with Oyster Mushroom Growing Substrate
page: 774 - 786

Achala J. Gajanayake, Milan C. Samarakoon, Digvijayini Bundhun, Ruvishika S. Jayawardena, Thatsanee Luangharn and Kevin D. Hyde

Vol.48 No.3 (Special Issue I : May 2021)
Research Article View: 1,863 Download: 527
Diversity and Molecular Phylogeny of Some Boletes from Three Conserved Forests in Chiang Mai, with Four New Records (Chiua viridula, Neoboletus obscureumbrinus, Parvixerocomus pseudoaokii and Xerocomus nigromaculatus) of Thailand
page: 867 - 883

Sutheera Thongkantha, Sulichet Thongklam, Eric H.C. McKenzie, Saisamorn Lumyong, Wasu Pathom-aree and Boonsom Bussaban

Vol.48 No.3 (Special Issue I : May 2021)
Research Article View: 1,518 Download: 112
Addition to Phaeosphaeria: Eriobotrya japonica a New Host of Phaeosphaeria acaciae
page: 922 - 930

Chunfang Liao, Anuruddha Karunarathne, Danushka S. Tennakoon, Mingkwan Doilom, Jianchu Xu, K.W. Thilini Chethana, Lucas A.P. Dauner, Samantha C. Karunarathna, Saowaluck Tibpromma

Vol.48 No.3 (Special Issue I : May 2021)
Review Article View: 1,584 Download: 115
Progress in Rhizopus Taxonomy and Production of L-Lactic Acid
page: 760 - 773

Srisakul Trakarnpaiboon, Nakarin Suwannarach, Sirirat Siripornvisal and Vichien Kitpreechavanich

Vol.48 No.3 (Special Issue I : May 2021)
Review Article View: 1,280 Download: 843
Hymenagaricus saisamornae sp. nov. (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Northern Thailand
page: 827 - 836

Jaturong Kumla, Nakarin Suwannarach and Nopparat Wannathes

Vol.48 No.3 (Special Issue I : May 2021)
Research Article View: 1,908 Download: 737
Lepiota section Stenosporae (Agaricaceae): two new records to Lao People's Democratic Republic
page: 49 - 56

Phongeun Sysouphanthong, Naritsada Thongklang, Chatmongkon Suwannapoom, Wipornpan Nuangmek and Kevin D. Hyde

Vol.47 No.1 (January 2020)
Research Article View: 1,987 Download: 607
Notes on the Medicinal Mushroom Chanhua (Cordyceps cicadae (Miq.) Massee)
page: 1023 - 1035

Ling-Sheng Zha, Yuan-Pin Xiao, Rajesh Jeewon, Xiao Zou, Xu Wang, Saranyaphat Boonmee, Prapassorn D. Eungwanichayapant, Eric H.C. McKenzie, Kevin D. Hyde and Ting-Chi Wen

Vol.46 No.6 (November 2019)
Research Article View: 2,333 Download: 873
Leucoagaricus houaynhangensis (Agaricaceae), A New Yellowish-green Species from Lao People’s Democratic Republic
page: 1287 - 1295

Phongeun Sysouphanthong*, Somsanith Bouamanivong, Thaviphone Salichanh, Nakhonekham Xaybouangeun, Phuping Sucharitakul, Maslin Osathanunkul and Chatmongkon Suwannapoom

Vol.45 No.3 (May 2018)
Research Article View: 1,828 Download: 394
An ITS Phylogenetic Evaluation of the Penicilli Branching Type of Penicillium as Taxonomic Character
page: 358 - 365

Jin He [b], Jichuan Kang * [a], Bangxing Lei [a] and Kevin D. Hyde [c,d]

Vol.44 No.2 (April 2017)
Research Article View: 1,448 Download: 402
Molecular Phylogenetic and Morphological Analysis of a Powdery Mildew Found on Dalbergia lanceolaria in Thailand
page: 350 - 357

Sararat Monkhung [a] and Chaiwat To-anun [b]

Vol.44 No.2 (April 2017)
Research Article View: 1,516 Download: 400
The genus Hyboella Hancock in Thailand (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae: Metrodorinae)
page: 125 - 131

Ling-sheng Zha, Ting-chi Wen, Ji-chuan Kang*, Kevin D. Hyde

Vol.44 No.1 (JANUARY 2017)
Research Article View: 1,595 Download: 358
Micropsalliota brunneosquamata, a New Species from Thailand
page: 689 - 694

Jie Chen [a,b,c], Kevin D. Hyde [b,c], Ali H. Bahkali [d] and Rui-Lin Zhao* [a]

Vol.43 No.4 (JULY 2016)
Research Article View: 1,618 Download: 434
An Investigation on North Adana (Turkey) Myxomycetes
page: 54 - 67

Hayri Baba* [a], Murat Zmre [a], Muharrem Gelen [a]

Vol.43 No.1 (JANUARY 2016)
Research Article View: 1,542 Download: 328
The Genus Butea Roxb. ex Willd. (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) in Thailand
page: 367 - 375

Sakuntala Ninkaew and Pranom Chantaranothai

Vol.42 No.2 (APRIL 2015)
Research Article View: 1,121 Download: 400
Phylogenetic Study of the Botryosphaeriaceae Species Associated with Avocado and Pará rubber in Thailand.
page: 104 - 116

Trakunyingcharoen T., Cheewangkoon R. and To-anun C.

Vol.42 No.1 (JANUARY 2015)
Research Article View: 1,618 Download: 298
Pestalotiopsis keteleeria sp. Nov., Isolated from Keteleeria pubescens in China
page: 885 - 893

Yu Song, Sajeewa S.N. Maharachchikumbura, Yu-Lan Jiang, Kevin D. Hyde and Yong Wang*

Vol.41 No.4 (SPECIAL ISSUE 1)
Research Article View: 1,488 Download: 278
The Genus Phaeosaccardinula (Chaetothyriales) from Yunnan, China, Introducing Two New Species
page: 873 - 884

Hui Yang, Putarak Chomnumti, Hiran Aryawansa, Hai-xia Wu and Kevin D. Hyde*

Vol.41 No.4 (SPECIAL ISSUE 1)
Research Article View: 1,547 Download: 352
Phylogenetic Diversity of Russula from Xiaozhongdian, Yunnan, China, Inferred from Internal Transcribed Spacer Sequence Data
page: 811 - 821

Jiayu Guo, Samantha C. Karunarathna, Peter E. Mortimer*, Jianchu Xu and Kevin D. Hyde

Vol.41 No.4 (SPECIAL ISSUE 1)
Research Article View: 1,498 Download: 401
Inonotus Andersonii and I. Krawtzewii: Another Case of Molecular Sequencing-Based Diagnosis of Morphologically Similar Species
page: 789 - 797

Li-Wei Zhou*, Josef Vlasak Jr, Josef Vlasak

Vol.41 No.4 (SPECIAL ISSUE 1)
Research Article View: 1,414 Download: 430
Hymenochaete (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) in China 7. H. can asp. Nov. and H. denticulate new to China
page: 781 - 788

Shuang-Hui He*, Hai-Jiao Li

Vol.41 No.4 (SPECIAL ISSUE 1)
Research Article View: 1,513 Download: 318
Two New Species in Agaricus Tropical Clade I
page: 771 - 780

Samantha C. Karunarathna, Jacques Guinberteau, Jie Chen, Else C. Vellinga, Rui-Lin Zhao, Ekachai Chu

Vol.41 No.4 (SPECIAL ISSUE 1)
Research Article View: 1,543 Download: 430
SiC Coating on Graphite by Sintering of Si Deposited via DC-Electrophoretic Deposition (DCEPD)
page: 938 - 946

Hakime Salehi, Ehsan Marzbanrad and Alireza Aaghaei*

Vol.40 No.5 SPECIAL ISSUE 1
Research Article View: 1,014 Download: 359
Diversity of Figs and Their Pollinators in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand
page: 638 - 647

Yaowanit Tarachai, Prachaval Sukumalanand, Prasit Wangpakapattanawong, Stephen G. Compton and

Vol.38 No.4 (OCTOBER 2011)
Research Article View: 1,669 Download: 324
Outline
Figures