Chiang Mai Journal of Science

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Berberine is the main cytotoxic compound in Coscinium fenestratum.  Although, cytotoxic activity of berberine on many cancer cell lines have been studied but effect of berberine on NCI-H838 cell line is still not reported.  In the present study, antiproliferative activity and mechanism of berberine isolated from C. fenestratum against NCI-H838 were investigated. NCI-H838 cells were treated with various concentrations of berberine and the cytotoxic activity was evaluated by MTT method.  Berberine exhibited cytotoxicity by dose and time dependent manner with the IC₅₀  values at 24, 48 and 72 h were 111.9 +/- 7.0 μM, 92.4 +/- 1.2 μM and 68.4 +/- 7.9 μM, respectively.  Additionally, apoptotic in berberine treated cell was detected by DAPI staining.  The associated proteins for apoptosis were examined by western blotting and it was found that berberine downregulated Bcl-2, procaspase 3, 6, 7 and 8 but upregulated caspase 7 by dose dependent manner.  Moreover, berberine induced G2/M arrest was determined by the flow cytometric method.  Taken together indicated that the potential of antiperiferal activity of berberine mediated through the Bcl-2/caspase-dependent pathway and G2/M cell cycle arrest.

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