Chiang Mai Journal of Science

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The isolations of active anti-cancer compounds from Coscinium fenestratum, Tinospora crispa  and Tinospora cordifolia  are rarely reported.  In this study, the isolation of  anti-cancer compound from these herbs was performed. Cytotoxic activity of  the water and methanol extracts of these herbs were evaluated. The methanol extract of C. fenestratum showed the most cytotoxic activity, and contained a major compound of  berberine with 3.68%.  Cytotoxic screening of  berberine against ten cancer cell lines and one normal cell (PMBC) showed the most cytotoxic activity against HL-60 leukemia cells with an IC₅₀ of 1.41+/- 0.7 μg/mL.  The selective index (SI) value of berberine against HL-60 cells and PBMC cells were 0.142, indicating the selective cytotoxicity to cancer cells.  Interestingly, berberine uptake by cancer cell correlated with cytotoxic activity.  In addition, the apoptosis of  HL-60 cells against berberine were detected by DAPI staining, and quantitated by Annexin V-FITC staining.  Berberine, the effective compound from C. fenestratum, appears to possess anticancer potential.

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