Chiang Mai Journal of Science

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Ferroelectric lead magnesium niobate (Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃; PMN) ceramics were fabricated from different starting precursors using a columbite method. To receive high quality PMN powders, an optimization for high purity magnesium niobate (MgNb₂O₆; MN) powders was crucial. The MN powders were prepared using a mixed-oxide method from 2 groups of precursors. Group 1 (MN1) consisted of MgO and Nb₂O₅, while (MgCO₃)₄ Mg(OH)₂.5H₂O. was used instead of MgO in group 2 (MN2). It was found that calcination temperature of MN powder could be reduced by approximately 200°C when (MgCO₃)₄ Mg(OH)₂.5H₂O. was used instead of MgO as a base precursor. Both MN powders then reacted with PbO to form the PMN1 and PMN2 powders. At this stage, a pyrochlore second phase always formed with a main perovskite PMN phase. Microstructural investigation of the PMN ceramics showed well-dispersed large pyramidal pyrochlore grains among the PMN grains. Grain size of PMN1 ceramics were larger than those found in PMN2 ceramics.

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