Chiang Mai Journal of Science

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Crude extract showing strong antibacterial activity against various pathogenic bacteria both gram positive and gram negative was isolated from the seed kernels of Bauhinia acuminata L. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values against the most sensitive strain, Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 7058) and the least sensitive strain, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) were 8.34 and 66.72 μg/mL respectively. The concentration of crude extract which gave 50% hemolysis compared to Triton X-100 treatment (HC50) value was 715.3 μg/mL. At the MICs range, the crude extract did not show significant hemolytic activity (<5.0%). Diminishment of antibacterial activity by the crude extract after treatment with Proteinase K and Pronase supports the responsible compound of peptides (proteins) in the crude extract. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) experiments indicated that the bacteriolytic properties of this crude extract might be related to their disruptive action on the cell membrane, characterized by a number of bubble-like formations or even cell lysis. Keywords: antibacterial activity, antimicrobial peptides, Bauhinia acuminata L., leguminous plant.

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