Chiang Mai Journal of Science

     This research aims to study the sustainability of celadon glazes by using lampang kaolin waste and longan wood ash as substitutes for rare wood ashes, such as kha and rok fa wood, as well as for replacing silica and feldspar, which are chemicals. The celadon glazes was fired at lower temperatures of 1230°C and 1250°C in a reducing atmosphere. The analysis of the specific characteristics revealed that the glazes formula CG25-20, consisting of 30 wt.% Lampang kaolin, 20 wt.% Lampang kaolin waste, and 50 wt.% longan wood ash, with the addition of 1 wt.% sankamphaeng red clay for coloring, fired at 1250°C, had a chemical composition dominated by CaO, followed by SiO₂, Fe₂O₃, Al₂O₃, K₂O, TiO₂, SO₃, and MnO, respectively. The glaze exhibited a complete glassy morphology, with crack patterns limited to the upper surface, and the glazes adhered well to the clay body. The property tests showed that cracks decreased when 20% silica from Lampang kaolin waste was used. After firing, the glaze exhibited a green-yellow tone with L = 67.41, a = -2.13, b = +14.96, and a gloss level of 40 GU. The glazes demonstrated heat resistance, with a MOR loss percentage of 0.48, based on thermal shock testing, and had a low thermal expansion coefficient in relation to the clay body. Therefore, it is feasible to use lampang kaolin waste and longan wood ash to enhance the sustainability and heat resistance of environmentally friendly celadon glazes for ceramic ware from the sankamphaeng kiln site in Chiang Mai province.

     The diversity of macrofungi benefits humankind and plays an irrefutable role in forest ecosystems. Macrofungi are a significant non-timber forest product that provides a range of values and services, most notably as major food sources, income generators, and contributors to industrial applications for populations worldwide. Since they are renewable resources that replace fossil fuels, they can be crucial to enhancing resource efficiency. Some macrofungi are also excellent sources of nutrients, such as proteins, vitamins, lipids, carbohydrates, amino acids, minerals, valuable foods, and nutraceuticals. Additionally, they produce bioactive substances that have important applications in pharmacology and medicine. In many ecosystems, fungi are vital for nutrient cycling and can help mitigate the effects of climate change. Furthermore, they contribute to the recycling of agricultural waste. This review provides a comprehensive research reference based on collected data for numerous species of cultivable macrofungi, along with a few species of Ascomycota known as edible mushrooms. It also presents the initial results of domestication efforts. The market value of mushrooms is also discussed.

     The aim of this study was to develop a coating film from rice starch and C. alata leaf extracts to extend the shelf life of Namwa bananas. The coating film was prepared by dissolving 5% (w/v) rice starch, adding glycerol at 30% of the starch weight, and incorporating C. alata leaf extract at 0, 10, 20, and 30 mg/mL concentrations. The physical and chemical properties, as well as the antibacterial efficacy, were then evaluated. Experimental results indicated that the film made from rice starch with C. alata leaf extract at various concentrations had a thickness ranging from 0.016-0.025 mm. The water activity (a_w) of the film ranged from 0.24 to 0.29. Water solubility, water absorption, and vapor permeability decreased as the concentration of C. alata leaf extract increased. The biodegradation rate of the film was 52–100% within one week. Additionally, rice starch film containing C. alata extract at a concentration of 30 mg/mL inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, with an inhibition zone diameter of 10.00 ± 5.77 mm. However, no inhibitory effect was observed against Escherichia coli. The fruit coating application of rice starch film incorporating C. alata leaf extract at a concentration of 30 mg/mL effectively delayed the ripening of Namwa bananas by up to 7 days.